Question Type: General Knowledge C. his or her respirations are shallow. Page: 1171. C. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother. Because of a child's proportionately large head, they are more prone to spinal cord injuries than adults. If the cervical spine is injured, it is most likely to be an injury to the ligaments because of rapid movement of the head A. appearance, work of breathing, and skin circulation. A child who has no recent history of illness suddenly appears cyanotic and cannot speak after Question Type: General Knowledge signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: 42. B. a low-grade fever and tachycardia. C. estimate the child's weight based on appearance. They can usually identify painful areas when questioned. Page: 1195, 98. Page: 1176. D. 50 g, Answer: B a 3-month-old infant can distinguish a parent from a stranger. Guiding principles for appropriate complementary feeding are: continue frequent, on-demand breastfeeding until 2 years of age or beyond; A. secure the head before the torso. B. drooling or congestion. B. bradycardia. A. quiet breathing. 6, 12 41. Answer: B C. Children are more likely to experience diving-related injuries. A. begin immediate rescue breathing. Page: 1193-1194, 97. D. absent urine output. She is conscious, but clearly restless. 84. The pediatric patient should be removed from his or her car seat and secured to an appropriate spinal Referring to Figure 9.5, state what phase(s) is (are) present at When assessing an 8-year-old child, you should: B. talk to the child, not just the caregiver. By 3 months old, your baby may respond to these sounds with excitement. They are rarely used in infants younger than 1 year. Page: 1155. Her skin is pink and dry, and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. D. 70, Answer: A B. D. The cause of death following SIDS can be established by autopsy. The MOST ominous sign of impending cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is: Answer: B A. depress the gag reflex. C. a rapid heart rate. A. wheezing. Compared to an adult, the diaphragm dictates the amount of air that a child inspires because the: 11. C. electrolyte imbalances. What is the purpose of a forward declaration of a class? In a normal adult, greater than 30% to 40% of blood volume loss significantly increases the risk of shock. D. If the cervical spine is injured, it is most likely to be an injury to the ligaments because of rapid movement C. sunken fontanelles. Study Resources. The mother tells you that the seizure lasted Page: 1158. playing with a small toy. A tight, whistling or musical sound heard with each breath may indicate that the air passages may be smaller, making it more difficult to breathe. C. 8 years. EMTs are called for an unresponsive infant. Page: 1197, EMT Chapter 33- Obstetrics & Neonatal Care eB, EMT Chapter 33: Obstetrics and Neonatal Care, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Winningham's Critical Thinking Cases in Nursing, Barbara A Preusser, Julie S Snyder, Mariann M Harding. A. evidence of alcohol consumption or drug use at the scene C. geriatrics A. vary widely, depending on the child's age and weight. Vision. Drawing in of the muscles between the ribs or of the sternum during inspiration is called: If a nasopharyngeal airway is too long, it may: Use of a nonrebreathing mask or nasal cannula in a child is appropriate ONLY if: Which of the following children would benefit the LEAST from a nonrebreathing mask? A sound heard in the upper airway when the child breathes in. D. immediately report your suspicions to the parents. Which of the following inquiries should you make in private when obtaining a SAMPLE they are: In contrast to adults, deterioration to cardiac arrest in infants and children is usually associated with: Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: In most children, febrile seizures are characterized by: generalized tonic-clonic activity, a duration of less than 15 minutes, a short/absent postictal phase. A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. After determining that an infant or child has strong central pulses, you should: After squeezing the end of a child's finger or toe for a few seconds, blood should return to the area within: Capillary refill time is MOST reliable as an indicator of end-organ perfusion in children younger than: immediate transport is indicated for a child when he or she: has a history suggestive of a serious illness. unrecognized. A. place her supine and elevate her legs. Her heart rate is 130 beats/min and her respiratory rate is 30 breaths/min. C. 25 g B. back Question Type: General Knowledge B. dehydration from vomiting and diarrhea. A. separating the child from his or her parents. Question Type: General Knowledge Question Type: General Knowledge The normal respiratory rate for a newborn should not exceed ______ breaths/min. A. determine if the child's vital signs are within the age-appropriate limits. D. assess the child's heart rate and skin condition. You respond to a skate park where a 10year-old male fell from his skateboard and struck his head on the ground; he was not wearing a helmet. D. epiglottitis. The goal of vasoconstriction is to prioritize oxygen and nutrient supply to the most important organs - the vital organs. Question Type: General Knowledge 6 months and 6 years. D. ask a relative if he or she knows the child's weight. B. the flexible ribs can be compressed without breaking. You should: Before positioning an infant or child's airway, you should: When assessing an infant's ventilation status, you should: All of the following are normal findings in an infant or child, EXCEPT: Drawing in of the muscles between the ribs or of the sternum during inspiration is called: A high-pitched inspiratory sound that indicates a partial upper airway obstruction is called: When assessing the heart rate of a 6-month-old infant, you should palpate the brachial pulse or Question Type: General Knowledge D. 50 g. The MOST common cause of dehydration in pediatric patients is: A 6-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. A. alcohol. because less air is exchanged with each breath, detection of poor air movement or complete absence of breath sounds in a child can be difficult, appearance, work of breathing, circulation. Question Type: General Knowledge 44. After determining that an infant or child has strong central pulses, you should: C. generalized tonic-clonic activity, a duration of less than 15 minutes, and a short or absent postictal phase. A 4-year-old, 16-kg female ingested an unknown quantity of liquid drain cleaner. A. place bulky padding behind his or her occiput. Peripheral vasoconstriction is an important autonomic response to cold exposure, which restricts heat transfer from the core to the environment through the skin. The patient, an 18-month-old female, is tachypneic, has sternal retractions, and is clinging to her mother. Page: 1184, 77. B. use a length-based resuscitation tape measure. Answer: D ma volume in newborn infants. His pulse is slow and bounding. A normal level of consciousness in an infant or child is characterized by: age-appropriate behavior, good muscle tone, good eye contact. mouth. After your partner stabilizes his head and opens his airway, you assess his breathing There is acute shortness of breath with pleuritic pain to the lateral side of the chest wall with physical signs of pneumothorax- hyper-resonance with absent breath sounds. D. may indicate a serious underlying illness. C. They are usually not well tolerated in children with a gag reflex. A. newborns D. dry mucous membranes. B. mental status, heart rate, and systolic blood pressure. C) a stiff or painful neck. Bacterial infection is a life-threatening complication that sometimes necessitates shunt removal. A. D. brisk capillary refill. You should: An 8-year-old female with a history of asthma continues to experience severe respiratory distress despite being given multiple doses of her prescribed albuterol by her mother. D. 18, 6. Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: A) warm, dry skin. Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if Laser range finders used by surveyors determine the distance traveled to a reflecting target by means of a pulse of laser light, which travels from the range finder to the target and back. B. secondary to a severe bacterial infection. Febrile seizures are MOST common in children between: D. is most appropriate when your transport time is short. B. D. 5 seconds. Answer: A She is receiving high-flow oxygen via a non-rebreathing mask. D. a headache. 3 months and 4 years. This is what is known as an embolus. After using the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) to form your general impression of a sick or injured child, you should: perform a hands-on assessment of the ABCs. most cases of SIDS occur in infants younger than 6 months. During the attempted resuscitation of an infant with suspected SIDS: Page: 1169. Page: 1170. When questioning the parent of a child who ingested a poisonous substance, which of the following questions would be of LEAST pertinence? 20. With regard to the legal implications of child abuse: C. a cough that resembles the bark of a seal. A. shins D. suspect that the child has meningitis and transport at once. You should: Which of the following is the MOST appropriate dose of activated charcoal for a 20kg child? D. observe the chest for adequate rise. A. a blank stare, a duration of between 15 and 30 minutes, and a prolonged postictal phase. A. vary widely, depending on the child's age and weight. D. depress the tongue with a tongue depressor. B. weak distal pulses. A. normal interactiveness, awareness to time, and pink skin color. Certain cases of SIDS are predictable and therefore preventable. C. monitor the pulse oximeter reading. A. put padding behind his or her head. C. Children are more likely to experience diving-related injuries. B. a rash. B. internal blood loss. B. crying and anxiety. D. result in a soft-tissue injury. B. D. age-appropriate behavior, good muscle tone, and good eye contact. C. second-degree burns covering more than 10% of the body surface. When a child faints, the blood supply and the oxygen that blood brings to the brain is temporarily reduced. A. profound tachycardia. Question Type: Critical Thinking When caring for a female child who has possibly been sexually abused, you should: Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. a stiff or painful neck. You should: A. grunting. B. use a length-based resuscitation tape measure. Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: Children with N meningitides would MOST likely present with: The signs and symptoms of poisoning in children: vary widely, depending on the child's age and weight. Which of the following statements regarding spinal injuries in pediatric patients is correct? Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: After your partner stabilizes his head and opens his airway, you assess his breathing and determine that it is slow and irregular. The infant's mother tells you that he has not had a soiled diaper in over 12 hours. A. is experiencing mild to moderate pain. Compared to adults, the liver and spleen of pediatric patients are more prone to injury and bleeding because 72. Heart rate may not reflect the severity of blood loss due to compensatory vasoconstriction and constriction. Question Type: General Knowledge pain control management is essential. 68. 88 mm Hg A. allow the mother to drive her daughter to the hospital. C. Children are more likely to experience diving-related injuries. children are more likely to experience diving-related injuries. Hyperthermia differs from fever in that it is an increase in body temperature: Research the incidence of skin cancer in different parts of the world. C. monitor the pulse oximeter reading. C. Most cervical spine fractures in infants and children occur between the first and second cervical vertebrae. B. weak distal pulses. Whenever your blood vessels need to be tightened or widened, your vasomotor nerves (part of your sympathetic nervous system) can tell your muscles to adjust the amount of space inside your blood vessels. A. an oral airway has been inserted. Death caused by shaken baby syndrome is usually the result of: A. speed at which the car was traveling when impact occurred. B. his or her blood pressure falls with as little as 5% blood loss. C. 25% posterior fontanelle is typically closed by _____ months of age. You should suspect: C. severe hypoxia and bradycardia. D. acute hypoxia and tachycardia. Compared to an adult, the diaphragm dictates the amount of air that a child inspires because the: A. intercostal muscles are not well developed. D. duration of symptoms, Answer: A B. their bones are more brittle than an adult's. D. lethal cardiac rhythm disturbances. A 6-month-old male presents with 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. B. females Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include weak distal pulses What is meant by vasoconstriction ? B. slide the device under the child. Question Type: General Knowledge Her skin is pink and dry, and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. When a child experiences a blunt injury to the abdomen: he or she can compensate for blood loss better than adults. The patient, an 18-month-old female, D. 6, Which of the following represents a low normal systolic blood pressure for a 6-year-old child? Before positioning an infant or child's airway, you should: B. tachypnea. 12.5 g The MOST efficient way to identify the appropriately sized equipment for a pediatric patient is to: use a length-based resuscitation tape measure. B. attempt cooling measures, offer oxygen, and transport. . B. moderate dehydration. Page: 1176. B. tightly secure the oxygen mask straps to the face. A. a conscious 4-year-old male with adequate tidal volume 2. Most of the dark matter is thought to consist of ;it is not the "normal" dark matter composed of. neutrons, protons, and electrons. (b) 25C,1atm25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}, 1 \mathrm{~atm}25C,1atm Which of the following statements regarding a 3-month-old infant is correct? A 4-year-old female ingested an unknown quantity of liquid drain cleaner. D. hyperextend the neck to ensure adequate alignment. Answer: C A. child abuse. Page: 1187, 87. B. dehydration from vomiting and diarrhea. Question Type: General Knowledge C. an ineffective cough. A. pink, dry skin. A. a cardiac arrhythmia. A. A. of more than 2F to 3F per hour. EMTs are assessing a 2-year-old child who was riding in a car seat when the vehicle struck a tree while traveling at 45 MPH. Early signs of respiratory distress in the child include: An infant or child with respiratory distress will attempt to keep his or her alveoli expanded at the end of inhalation by: The MOST ominous sign of impending cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is: A viral infection that may cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called: 45. Page: 1183. You should: A. heart rate Answer: B It is the recommended adjunct for children with head trauma. D. Blanching of the nares after insertion indicates correct placement. history from an adolescent patient? D. he or she is breathing inadequately. An increased respiratory rate, particularly with signs of distress (eg, increased respiratory effort including nasal flaring, retractions, seesaw breathing, or grunting) An inadequate respiratory rate, effort, or chest excursion (eg, diminished breath sounds or gasping), especially if mental status is depressed A. perform abdominal thrusts. D. gather critical data by performing a rapid hands-on assessment of the child. The EMT should be MOST concerned when a child presents with fever and: A. a complete airway obstruction. A. pallor. C. his or her respirations are shallow. C. Most cases of SIDS occur in infants younger than 6 months. B. moist oral mucosa. Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: C. slightly flex the neck to prevent tracheal kinking. You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. The first month of life after birth is referred to as the: 2. B. Answer: B C. his or her vital signs are stable. partial paralysis. When you arrive at the scene, the child is D. poisonings or ingestion. A. place padding under the child's head. Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: A. warm, dry skin. A. warm, dry skin. The pediatric patient should be removed from his or her car seat and secured to an appropriate spinal immobilization device if: The child is conscious and appears alert. 34. Her skin is hot and moist. A. stridor. history from an adolescent patient? Question Type: General Knowledge When assessing an infant's ventilation status, you should: 92. Which of the following is the LEAST reliable assessment parameter to evaluate when determining the presence of shock in infants and children? Answer: D D. twisting injuries are more common in children. A. heart rate due to compensatory vasoconstriction and constriction. If the cervical spine is injured, it is most likely to be an injury to the ligaments because of rapid movement of the head. Immediate transport is indicated for a child when he or she: When auscultating the lungs of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear adventitious sounds. B. Infants have relatively fixed stroke volumes and are particularly dependent upon heart rate to increase cardiac output. B. partial-thickness burns covering more than 20% of the body surface. D. assist his ventilations, be prepared to suction his mouth if he vomits, apply full spinal precautions, and Abstract The thermoregulatory threshold for vasoconstriction has been studied in infants and children given isoflurane, but not in those given halothane anesthesia. D. 18 months and 10 years. A. B. slowed level of activity. D. an altered mental status. B. encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and transport. A. place padding under the child's head. Answer: C Answer: B Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: Which of the following statements regarding spinal injuries in pediatric patients is correct? 20 g D. decreased LOC. When you arrive, you determine that the infant is apneic and pulseless. A child's head is less frequently injured than an adult's. C. blood vessels near the skin are constricted. A. a complete airway obstruction. A. monitor the child's heart rate. B. size of the child and the height of the bumper upon impact. Clinical signs of neonatal infection are nonspecic and include manifestations from various systems. C. perform a blind finger sweep. B. observe the child's skin color. B. Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: Febrile seizures are MOST common in children between: In most children, febrile seizures are characterized by: generalized tonic-clonic activity, a duration of less than 15 minutes, and a short or absent postictal phase. Which of the following children would benefit the LEAST from a nonrebreathing mask? Question Type: General Knowledge He is conscious, but his level of activity is decreased. Her heart rate is 130 beats/min and her respiratory rate is 30 breaths/min. The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) is to: allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child, appearance, work of breathing, and skin circulation. Stroke volume is determined by preload, cardiac contractility, and afterload. He is conscious, but his level of activity Submersion injuries in the adolescent age group are MOST commonly associated with: Signs of a severe airway obstruction in an infant or child include: Which of the following is the LEAST reliable assessment parameter to evaluate when determining the presence of shock in infants and children? 12.5 g D. poisonings or ingestion, Answer: B An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with: C. change in bladder habits Background ELBW infants are vulnerable to cold stress during the transition from delivery room to intensive care. A 3-month-old infant can distinguish a parent from a stranger. C. palpate the abdomen for rise and fall. D. ensure that his or her head is in a hyperextended position. A. be prepared to assist her ventilations, transport at once, and request an ALS intercept en route to the He is responsive to painful stimuli only and has a large hematoma to the back of his head. C. ear pain. B. retracting. A. cyanosis. C. deliver a series of five back blows and then reassess his condition. C. their bones bend more easily than an adult's. A. proportionately larger and situated more anteriorly. A. C. immobilized on a long backboard. Question Type: General Knowledge Most cases of SIDS occur in infants younger than 6 months. They are rarely used in infants younger than 1 year. 95. D. give 12.5 to 25 g of activated charcoal. B. rule out hypoxia if cyanosis is absent. 96. C. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother. The signs and symptoms of poisoning in children: Which of the following is MORE common in children than in adults following a head injury? A. She further tells you that her daughter has no history of seizures, but has had a recent ear infection. C. an unresponsive 5-year-old male with shallow respirations B. The German Association of the Scientific Medical Societies guideline for pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium in women with a spinal cord injury (SCI) addresses a range of topics from the desire . These include encouraging women and providing instructions on changing positions, . A normal level of consciousness in an infant or child is characterized by: C. 60 3 seconds. Answer: D Pale skin in a child indicates that the: D. has a history suggestive of a serious illness. 79. His pulse is slow and bounding. The MOST accurate method for determining if you are delivering adequate tidal volume to a D. Inexperience and poor judgment are rare causes of pediatric trauma. Answer: B 15% Certain cases of SIDS are predictable and therefore preventable. C. vomiting and diarrhea. With regard to the legal implications of child abuse: Causes of infant death that may be mistaken for SIDS include all of the following, EXCEPT: Page: 1167, 40. B. ensure that his or her neck is hyperextended. Page: 1185. 16 Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child may include a Warm dry skin from MEDICAL TE 24 at North Seattle College Question Type: General Knowledge C. ensure that he or she uses a neonatal device for children younger than 12 months. A. Your friend whimsically says that at the South Pole, a step in any direction is a step north. D. 18 months and 10 years. The infant's mother tells you that he has not had a soiled diaper in over 12 hours. 3 Page: 1184. Page: 1180. Explain the meanings of the following terms: quadratic damping, complex stiffness, transmissibility, beating, and quality factor. D. Inexperience and poor judgment are rare causes of pediatric trauma. B. positioning, ice packs, and emotional support. adolescent patient? Early signs of respiratory distress in the child include: C. have a parent restrain the child as you give oxygen. Which of the following findings is LEAST suggestive of child abuse? The majority of cervical spine injuries in children are partial transections of the spinal cord, resulting in D. a headache. A 4-year-old female ingested an unknown quantity of liquid drain cleaner. Question Type: General Knowledge 70. C. a rapid heart rate. This is an example of what condition? D. he or she even has a minor injury. 105. A. profound tachycardia. D. immediately report your suspicions to the parents. Question Type: General Knowledge Bratteby LE (1968) Studies on . Answer: A D. ensure that his or her head is in a hyperextended position. A pediatric patient involved in a drowning emergency may present with: abdominal distension. A. As a 1-month-old, babies start to know familiar sounds and may show it by turning the head. 6, 12 C. his or her vital signs are stable. level of activity is decreased. B. burns to the hands or feet that involve a glove distribution C. excessive tachycardia. 52. D. entrapment in a structural fire. A. he or she can compensate for blood loss better than adults. Question Type: Critical Thinking Greenstick fractures occur in infants and children because:
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