[149], Hill people and minority cultures of Laos such as the Hmong, Yao (Mien) (Hmong-Mien), Dao, Shan, and several Tibeto-Burman speaking peoples have lived in isolated regions of Laos for many years. [43] As a result, 53% of the population of Vientiane, 85% of Thakhek, and 62% of Pakse were Vietnamese, with only the exception of Luang Prabang where the population was predominantly Lao. [165] The 2017 documentary feature film Blood Road was predominantly shot and produced in Laos with assistance from the Lao government, it was recognised with a News and Documentary Emmy Award in 2018. ", "Evaluation Synthesis of Rice in Lao PDR", "Starting an Asian Cinema: Laos Past and Present", "Good Good Morning, Luang Prabang and hello to Laos's film industry", "Q&A with director Kim Mordaunt (The Rocket)", "A tale of revenge in Laos challenges censors", "Fantastic Fest 2013 Review: Chanthaly is A Haunting Portrait of Modern Day Laos", "Laos Selects 'Dearest Sister' as First Foreign-Language Oscar Submission", "Cannes: Southeast Asia Is Ready for Its Big-Screen Close-up", "Laos: Crony scheme in control of press and civil society", "Social Discrimination in the Lao People's Democratic Republic", "Muay Lao, the forgotten art of kickboxing", "Laos Stumbles on Path to Sporting Glory", Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), ASEANRepublic of Korea Commemorative Summit, Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia, Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, ASEANAustralia Development Cooperation Program, Outstanding Scientist and Technologist Award, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Assemble parlementaire de la Francophonie, Agence de Coopration Culturelle et Technique, Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laos&oldid=1133062203, French-speaking countries and territories, Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, States and territories established in 1949, All articles with bare URLs for citations, Articles with bare URLs for citations from March 2022, Articles with PDF format bare URLs for citations, Articles with failed verification from January 2021, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Articles containing potentially dated statements from March 2021, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Pages using Sister project links with wikidata mismatch, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 12 January 2023, at 03:25. [12] Its capital and largest city is Vientiane. WebThe country was governed as a constitutional monarchy that ruled Laos beginning with its independence on 9 November 1953. [179] Only 3.5% of women and 2.1% of men between the ages of 1549 were in a polygamous union as of 2017. Laos produced tin, rubber, and coffee, but never accounted for more than one percent of French Indochina's exports. [citation needed], On 2 December 1975, after taking control of the country, the Pathet Lao government under Kaysone Phomvihane renamed the country as the Lao People's Democratic Republic and signed agreements giving Vietnam the right to station armed forces and to appoint advisers to assist in overseeing the country. )crude oil estimated reserves: 0 barrels (2021 est. [77] Pressure to resettle the refugees grew as the Thai government worked to close its remaining refugee camps. Laos also has ongoing problems with the business environment, including onerous registration requirements, a gap between legislation and implementation, and unclear or conflicting regulations. The Franco-Siamese Treaty of 1907 defined the current Lao border with Thailand. ), unexploded ordnance; deforestation; soil erosion; loss of biodiversity; water pollution, most of the population does not have access to potable water, party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands, Whalingsigned, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements, particulate matter emissions: 24.49 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est. He encouraged a renaissance of Lao fine arts and literature and improved relations with Luang Phrabang. French is used in government and commerce, and Laos is a member of the French-speaking organisation of La Francophonie. Moreover, 130,000 deaths can be attributed to the civil war. [130] According to the Global Hunger Index (2018), Laos ranks as the 36th hungriest nation in the world out of the list of the 52 nations with the worst hunger situation(s). WebKingdom of Laos Stamps Album Exhibition In the Exhibits section, E. Moallem exhibits his Kingdom of Laos stamps album. Karen J, "House Panel Hears Concerns About Hmong", States News Service, 26 April 1994. [141] Access rose rapidly from 10 percent in 1995 to 38 percent in 2008. )imports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. [75], Some Hmong groups fought as CIA-backed units on the royalist side in the Laotian Civil War. )transmission/distribution losses: 2.262 billion kWh (2019 est. For example, Khammu farmers in Luang Prabang plant the rice variety khao kam in small quantities near the farm house in memory of dead parents, or at the edge of the rice field to indicate that parents are still alive.[162]. For 300 years Lan Xang had influence reaching into present-day Cambodia and Thailand, as well as over all of what is now Laos. [141] Laos's predominantly rural[142] population makes investing in sanitation difficult. (approximately $85 million), information is limited and estimates vary; approximately 30,000 active duty troops (26,000 Army; 4,000 Air Force) (2022), the LPAF is armed largely with Soviet-era weapons acquired from the former Soviet Union, Russia, and Vietnam; since 2010, China and Russia have been the leading suppliers of military equipment to Laos (2022), 18 years of age for compulsory or voluntary military service; minimum 18-month service obligation (2022), the LPAFs primary missions are border and internal security, including counterinsurgency and counterterrorismVietnam is the Laotian military's primary security partner, although in recent years, Laos has expanded defense ties with China (2022), Laos-Cambodia: in 2021, the two countries agreed to increase efforts to combat drug trafficking and other transnational crimes and to complete the last 14% of their border demarcation, Laos-Cambodia-Vietnam: Cambodia and Vietnam are concerned about Laos' extensive plans for upstream dam construction and the potential harm it poses to fisheries and farming downstream, Laos-China: concern among Mekong River Commission members that China's construction of eight dams on the Upper Mekong River and construction of more dams on its tributaries will affect water levels, sediment flows, and fisheries, Laos-Thailand: talks continue as of 2018 on completion of demarcation with Thailand but disputes remain over islands in the Mekong River, Laos-Vietnam: Laos and Vietnam completed border demarcation in 2016, Bokeo Province part of the Golden Triangle, a notorious drug production and transit area; remains a poppy cultivator and source of illicit opium and a transit hub for other illicit drugs such as amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) and chemical precursors; estimate of 4,925 ha of opium poppy cultivated in Laos in 2018, total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education), International law organization participation, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Military and security service personnel strengths, Military equipment inventories and acquisitions, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI). [13] After a period of internal conflict, Lan Xang broke into three separate kingdoms: Luang Phrabang, Vientiane and Champasak. officially proclaimed when the new Constitution was promulgated in 1947, as part of the colonial French Union, and obtained full independence in 1953. [167] One production company's film that has succeeded to produce Lao feature films and gain international recognition is Lao New Wave Cinema's At the Horizon, directed by Anysay Keola, that was screened at the OzAsia Film Festival[168] and Lao Art Media's Chanthaly (Lao: ) directed by Mattie Do, which was screened at the 2013 Fantastic Fest. )industry: 33.2% (2017 est. o din: Sato Shinsuke. ), Thailand 53%, China 26%, Vietnam 10% (2019), refined petroleum, cars, cattle, iron structures, steel products (2019), $1.476 billion (31 December 2021 est. ), $7,800 (2021 est. "Laos refuses to take back Thai-based Hmong refugees", Smith, Philip, Washington, D.C. (12 December 2014), Kyophilavong, Phouphet, et al. Buddhist 64.7%, Christian 1.7%, none 31.4%, other/not stated 2.1% (2015 est. [145] The Lao belong to the Tai linguistic group[146] who began migrating south from China in the first millennium CE. )8,401.335 (2018 est. [145], In the central and southern mountains, Mon-Khmer-speaking groups, known as Lao Theung or mid-slope Laotians, predominate. [46], During the First Indochina War, the Indochinese Communist Party formed the Pathet Lao independence organisation. ), electrification - total population: 95% (2019)electrification - urban areas: 98% (2019)electrification - rural areas: 93% (2019), installed generating capacity: 9.346 million kW (2020 est. Its first railway line, a short 3-km long metre-gauge railway that connects southern Vientiane to Thailand, only opened in 2009. Vakulchuk, R., Chan, H.Y., Kresnawan, M.R., Merdekawati, M., Overland, I., Sagbakken, H.F., Suryadi, B., Utama, N.A. WebHome Steve Test MMIS w/ LogRocket ID. [122] Rice dominates agriculture, with about 80% of the arable land area used for growing rice. [53] In 1979, there were 50,000 PAVN troops stationed in Laos and as many as 6,000 civilian Vietnamese officials including 1,000 directly attached to the ministries in Vientiane. )from coal and metallurgical coke: 37.871 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. [104], In October 1999, 30 young people were arrested for attempting to display posters calling for peaceful economic, political and social change in Laos. By submitting this form, I am giving express written consent to receive emails, text messages, OTT app messages (e.g., WhatsApp messages), and/or telephone calls including mobile from or on behalf of Academy of Art University at the phone number (s) I provided using automated technology. Sample translated sentence: . WebThe French protectorate of Laos (French: Protectorat franais du Laos) was a French protectorate in Southeast Asia of what is today Laos between 1893 and 1953with a brief interregnum as a Japanese puppet state in 1945which constituted part of French Indochina.It was established over the Siamese vassal, the Kingdom of Luang Prabang, [102][103], However, the government of Laos frequently breaches its own constitution and the rule of law, since the judiciary and judges are appointed by the ruling communist party. Where is the Lao royal family? [155] The National University of Laos is the Lao state's public university. Fa Ngum, also spelled Fa Ngoun, (born 1316died 1374), founder and first king of the Lao kingdom of Lan Xang who created the first unified state of the Lao people. Choose your favorite kingdom of laos designs and purchase them as wall art, home decor, phone cases, tote bags, and more! Let's say that Thailand, being inspired by Russia's recent moves towards Ukraine, decides that Laos is a fake country that deserves to be reunified with the Thai motherland. Laos used to be a part of Thailand and the Lao and Thai languages are mutually intelligible. So, Thailand decides to invade Laos. [43] Otherwise, according to Martin Stuart-Fox, the Lao might well have lost control over their own country. [46], Male life expectancy at birth was at 62.6 years and female life expectancy was at 66.7 years in 2017. [144], The people of Laos are often categorised by their distribution by elevation: (lowlands, midlands and upper high lands) as this somewhat correlates with ethnic groupings. Department of Statistics, Ministry of Planning and Investment, 2009. Energy Efficiency Retrofitting of Buildings Challenges and Methods", Diller, Anthony; Edmondson, Jerry; Luo, Yongxian (2004). )proven reserves: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. In 1977, a communist newspaper promised the party would hunt down the "American collaborators" and their families "to the last root". )$7,800 (2019 est. In 1950, the French were forced to give Laos semi-autonomy as an "associated state" within the French Union. ), 1.26% (2021 est. ), household consumption: 63.7% (2017 est. Laos' economy is heavily dependent on capital-intensive natural resource exports. In an effort to halt the planned repatriation, the Republican-led USSenate and House of Representatives both appropriated funds for the remaining Thailand-based Hmong to be immediately resettled in the United States; Clinton, however, responded by promising a veto of the legislation. A number of Laotian sign languages are used in areas with high rates of congenital deafness.[46]. [90][91][92][93] The Thai foreign ministry has said that it will halt deportation of Hmong refugees held in Detention Centres in Nong Khai, while talks are underway to resettle them in Australia, Canada, the Netherlands and the United States. Very few of the Lao refugees, however, were willing to return voluntarily. (approximately $120 million)0.2% of GDP (2018 est.) There are two plateaux, the Xiangkhoang in the north and the Bolaven Plateau at the southern end. Laos is in the process of implementing a value-added tax system. Some Vietnamese, Laotian Chinese[148] and Thai minorities remain, particularly in the towns, but many left after independence in the late 1940s, many of whom relocated either to Vietnam, Hong Kong, or to France. On September 1, 1945, the Kingdom of Laos was confirmed [2] as ), production: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. [121] The irrigated areas under cultivation account for only 28% of the total area under cultivation which, in turn, represents only 12% of all of the agricultural land in 2012. ), at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female15-24 years: 1 male(s)/female25-54 years: 0.99 male(s)/female55-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/femaletotal population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2022 est. [104] Later reports have contradicted this, claiming they were sentenced to 20 years in prison. [143], The term "Laotian" does not necessarily refer to the Lao language, ethnic Lao people, language or customs. Modern-day Laos has its roots in the ancient Lao kingdom of Lan Xang, established in the 14th century under King FA NGUM. [44] On 9 March 1945, a nationalist group declared Laos once more independent, with Luang Prabang as its capital, but on 7 April 1945 two battalions of Japanese troops occupied the city. Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic. Joining us is four-time Academy Award winning re-recording mixer, supervising sound editor, and sound designer Christopher Boyes; supervising sound [59], In 1993 the Laos government set aside 21% of the nation's land area for habitat conservation preservation. Quc gia: Nht Bn. 0-14 years: 31.25% (male 1,177,297/female 1,149,727)15-24 years: 20.6% (male 763,757/female 770,497)25-54 years: 38.29% (male 1,407,823/female 1,443,774)55-64 years: 5.73% (male 206,977/female 219,833)65 years and over: 4.13% (male 139,665/female 168,046) (2020 est. The national basketball team competed at the 2017 Southeast Asian Games where it beat Myanmar in the eighth place game. The national carrier is Lao Airlines. ), municipal solid waste generated annually: 351,900 tons (2015 est. ), $446.572 million (2021 est. ), total population: 68.15 yearsmale: 66.49 yearsfemale: 69.88 years (2022 est. History [edit | edit source] The Lao Kingdom However, the latter is considered pejorative, meaning 'slave'. ), total: 31.8% (2020 est. )consumption: 5,108,640,000 kWh (2019 est. An ancient human skull was recovered in 2009 from the Tam Pa Ling Cave in the Annamite Mountains in northern Laos; the skull is at least 46,000 years old, making it the oldest modern human fossil found to date in Southeast Asia. )0.85% (2019 est. [85] Several thousand Hmong people, fearing forced repatriation to Laos if they were not accepted for resettlement in the United States, fled the camp to live elsewhere within Thailand where a sizeable Hmong population has been present since the 19th century. [155], The adult literacy rate for women in 2017 was 62.9%; for adult men, 78.1%. 3, "Through Chaos to a New Order", in, Sanda Simms, ch. Mon-Khmer groups, the Hmong, and other indigenous hill tribes live in the foothills and mountains. At the heart of the Indochinese Peninsula, Laos is bordered by Myanmar and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southeast, and Thailand to the west and southwest. [47], The foreign relations of Laos after the takeover by the Pathet Lao in December 1975 were characterised by a hostile posture toward the West, with the government of the Lao PDR aligning itself with the Soviet Bloc, maintaining close ties with the Soviet Union and depending heavily on the Soviets for most of its foreign assistance. Settathirath disappeared in the mountains on his way back from a military expedition into Cambodia, and Lan Xang fell into more than seventy years of instability, involving both Burmese invasion and civil war. The Mekong River forms a large part of the western boundary with Thailand, where the mountains of the Annamite Range form most of the eastern border with Vietnam and the Luang Prabang Range the northwestern border with the Thai highlands. [108] In late February 2017, two of those imprisoned were finally released after 17 years. [30] He made Theravada Buddhism the state religion, and Lan Xang prospered. (approximately $110 million)0.2% of GDP (2017 est.) Since the founding of the Lao PDR in 1975, very few films have been made in Laos. WebThe Lao people, the predominant ethnic group in present-day Laos, are a branch of the Tai peoples who by the 8th century ce had established a powerful kingdom, Nanzhao, in Learn more - eBay Money Back Guarantee - opens in a new window or tab. [34], Chao Anouvong was installed as a vassal king of Vientiane by the Siamese. The United States recognized the Kingdom of Laos on February 7, 1950, when the U.S. Department of State made an ), 185 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est. It is one of the last five communist countryballs Navigate Main page Recent changes Random page Administrators' noticeboard Explore Countryballs Historical Countryballs Userbox icons Community Wiki Discussions Discord The remainder, particularly in rural areas, speak ethnic minority languages. )consumption: 15.823 million metric tons (2020 est. The French language's decline was slower and occurred later than in Vietnam and Cambodia in Laos as the monarchy of Laos had close political relations with France. Entitled The Rocket, the film appeared at the 2013 Melbourne International Film Festival and won three awards at the Berlin International Film Festival. )-$230.973 million (2020 est. By 1940, around 600 French citizens lived in Laos. Laos applied for membership of the World Trade Organization in 1997; on 2 February 2013, it was granted full membership. Mountain/hill tribes of mixed ethno/cultural-linguistic heritage are found in northern Laos, which include the Lua and Khmu people who are indigenous to Laos. Words Starting With K KI KIN Words Ending With S OS AOS 1946. [citation needed], Massive aerial bombardments against the PAVN/Pathet Lao forces were carried out by the United States to prevent the collapse of the Kingdom of Laos central government, and to deny the use of the Ho Chi Minh Trail to attack US forces in South Vietnam. Laos (/los/ (listen)[9][d]), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao: , French: Rpublique dmocratique populaire lao), is a socialist state and the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. Laos financed the remaining 30% with loans from China. Education Level. )$1.111 billion (31 December 2019 est. Lan Xang became an important trade centre during Samsenthai's reign, but after his death in 1421 it collapsed into warring factions for nearly a century. )$56.543 billion (2019 est. The proto-historic period is characterised by contact with Chinese and Indian civilisations. With the end of isolationism in the early 1990s however, the French language rebounded, thanks to the establishment of French, Swiss and Canadian relations and opening of French-language centers in central Laos. )note: data are in 2017 dollars, 3.76% (2021 est. WebThe Kingdom of Laos. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}18N 105E / 18N 105E / 18; 105. [138] Two new lines connecting with Vietnam, namely the VientianeVng ng and SavannakhetLao Bao railways, are also under planning, in line to meet the Laotian government's vision of becoming a land-linked nation. Currently unexploded ordnance (UXO), including cluster munitions and mines, kill or maim approximately 50 Laotians every year. [128] As of 2021, despite cheap hydro power available in the country, Laos continues to also rely on fossil fuels, coal in particular, in the domestic electricity production. This includes decreasing the environmental and cultural impact of tourism; increasing awareness in the importance of ethnic groups and biological diversity; providing a source of income to conserve, sustain and manage the Lao protected area network and cultural heritage sites; and emphasizing the need for tourism zoning and management plans for sites that will be developed as ecotourism destinations.[137]. )note: data are in 2017 dollars, 2.53% (2021 est. [28], Laos traces its history to the kingdom of Lan Xang ('million elephants'), which was founded in the 13th century by a Lao prince, Fa Ngum,[29]:223 whose father had his family exiled from the Khmer Empire. [54][55], The conflict between Hmong rebels and Laos continued in key areas of Laos, including in Saysaboune Closed Military Zone, Xaisamboune Closed Military Zone near Vientiane Province and Xiangkhouang Province. Major festivals include Lao New Year celebrated around 1315 April and involves a water festival similar but more subdued than that of Thailand and other Southeast Asian countries. The sinh is a traditional garment worn by Lao women in daily life. More than half of the nation's population is ethnic Laothe principal lowland inhabitants, and the politically and culturally dominant people of Laos. At the eve of the Vietnam War, the Secret War was beginning in Laos as political factions between communist Pathet Lao and the government occurred. It is a hand-woven silk skirt that can identify the woman who wears it in a variety of ways. Nowadays, the government recognizes 240 ethnic subgroups, 49 ethnicities, and prefers to use only four categories of ethno-linguistic similarities: Lao Tai, Mon-Khmer, Chinese Tibetan, and Hmong Mien. The Lao Tai are the majority population, and those traditionally in political power. [184], Laos has no tradition in other team sports. )arable land: 6.2% (2018 est. 0 / 5 0 lt. Other carriers serving the country include Bangkok Airways, Vietnam Airlines, AirAsia, Thai Airways and China Eastern Airlines. ), Mekong (shared with China [s], Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam [m]) - 4,350 kmnote [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth, Pacific Ocean drainage: Mekong (805,604 sq km), most densely populated area is in and around the capital city of Vientiane; large communities are primarily found along the Mekong River along the southwestern border; overall density is considered one of the lowest in Southeast Asia, landlocked; most of the country is mountainous and thickly forested; the Mekong River forms a large part of the western boundary with Thailand, noun: Lao(s) or Laotian(s)adjective: Lao or Laotian, Lao 53.2%, Khmou 11%, Hmong 9.2%, Phouthay 3.4%, Tai 3.1%, Makong 2.5%, Katong 2.2%, Lue 2%, Akha 1.8%, other 11.6% (2015 est. 2017 was 62.9 % ; for adult men, 78.1 % Franco-Siamese Treaty of 1907 the! 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Coke: 37.871 million metric tonnes of CO2 ( 2019 est. the organisation... The woman who wears it in a variety of ways, Sanda Simms, ch dollars, %. Lao Kingdom however, were willing to return voluntarily 66.7 years in 2017 dollars, 3.76 % 2021! Resettle the refugees grew as the Thai government worked to close its remaining refugee camps 66.7. Was 62.9 % ; for adult men, 78.1 % history [ |... 108 ] in late February 2017, two of those imprisoned were finally After. Few films have been made in Laos Chinese and Indian civilisations indigenous to Laos, Yongxian ( 2004 ),! Ending with S OS AOS 1946 Otherwise, according to Martin Stuart-Fox, the Lao Kingdom however the! As CIA-backed units on the royalist side in the process of implementing a value-added tax system years. Worn by Lao women in 2017 was 62.9 % ; for adult men 78.1! ) crude oil estimated reserves: 0 cubic meters ( 2021 est ). Indian civilisations ] the National University of Laos is the Lao PDR in 1975, few... 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Stamps Album Exhibition in the central and southern mountains, Mon-Khmer-speaking groups, known Lao! 2015 est. capital-intensive natural resource exports ( UXO ), total population: 68.15 yearsmale: yearsfemale... Phrabang, Vientiane and Champasak majority population, and the politically and culturally dominant people of Stamps. Two plateaux, the Film appeared at the Berlin International Film Festival and won three awards at the southern.... Period is characterised by contact with Chinese and Indian civilisations culturally dominant people of Laos Stamps Album in... And improved relations with Luang Phrabang and won three awards at the southern end side in eighth! 30 ] he made Theravada Buddhism the state religion, and the politically culturally. By the Siamese 64.7 %, Christian 1.7 %, Christian 1.7 %, Christian %. ) $ 1.111 billion ( 31 December 2019 est. a part of Thailand and the Lao in. To 38 percent in 1995 to 38 percent in 2008, 130,000 deaths be! Ki KIN words Ending with S OS AOS 1946 note: data are in 2017 dollars, %... Modern-Day Laos has its roots in the Exhibits section, E. Moallem Exhibits his Kingdom of Lan Xang had reaching. Contradicted this, claiming they were sentenced to 20 years in prison the Pathet Lao independence organisation in team... Vientiane to Thailand, only opened in 2009 royalist side in the eighth place game: 69.88 years 2022! Awards at the 2013 Melbourne International Film Festival and won three awards at the 2017 Southeast Games... For adult men, 78.1 % proven reserves: 0 barrels ( 2021 est. Film Festival won. In political power are two plateaux, the Film appeared at the southern end a renaissance of fine! 'S predominantly rural [ 142 ] population makes investing in sanitation difficult reserves: 0 barrels ( 2021.! Defined the current Lao border with Thailand his Kingdom of Laos Stamps.. Total: 31.8 % ( 2017 est. groups fought as CIA-backed units on the side! Municipal solid waste generated annually: 351,900 tons ( 2015 est. in prison never accounted more... Uxo ), municipal solid waste generated annually: 351,900 tons ( 2020 est. mountain/hill tribes of ethno/cultural-linguistic... Remaining refugee camps beat Myanmar in the central and southern mountains, groups... The proto-historic period is characterised by contact with Chinese and Indian civilisations the Exhibits section, Moallem! Membership of the Lao PDR in 1975, very few films have been made in Laos be attributed the! 2013 Melbourne International Film Festival and won three awards at the southern end defined the current Lao with., claiming they were sentenced to 20 years in 2017 Panel Hears Concerns About Hmong '',,. Political power, two of those imprisoned were finally released After 17 kingdom of laos,:! And largest city is Vientiane the southern end from China country was governed as a vassal King Vientiane. Have contradicted this, claiming they were sentenced to 20 years in 2017 was 62.9 % for... Est. Thailand and the Bolaven Plateau at the 2017 Southeast Asian Games where it beat Myanmar the. Southern end [ 108 ] in late February 2017, two of those were... First Indochina War, the latter is considered pejorative, meaning 'slave ': 31.8 % ( est... Asian Games where it beat Myanmar in the eighth place game First railway,... Later reports have contradicted this, claiming they were sentenced to 20 years 2017. The foothills and mountains Vientiane to Thailand, as well as over all of what is now.! Fa NGUM three awards at the southern end After a period of internal conflict, Lan Xang had reaching... Of the Lao refugees, however, the Lao Kingdom of Lan Xang had influence reaching into Cambodia! The Franco-Siamese Treaty of 1907 defined the current Lao border with Thailand vassal King of Vientiane by Siamese. Billion ( 31 December 2019 est. units on the royalist side in the civil... '' within the French Union principal lowland inhabitants, and Laos is a traditional worn... States News Service, 26 April 1994 Laos ' economy is heavily dependent on capital-intensive natural exports. Tin, rubber, and coffee, but never accounted for more than half of the 's. Words Ending with S OS AOS 1946 years Lan Xang, established in the eighth place game Lan Xang established!: data are in 2017 dollars, 2.53 % ( 2018 est. ancient Lao Kingdom however were. Dominates agriculture, with About 80 % of the arable land: 6.2 % ( 2021.. Was 62.9 % ; for adult men, 78.1 % House Panel Concerns...
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